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@article{Hu:2026:10.1016/j.apenergy.2026.128601,
author = {Hu, X and Xiong, W and Tong, D and Wang, P and Wang, M and Hawkes, A and Jing, R and Jiang, C and Yan, J and Zhao, Y},
doi = {10.1016/j.apenergy.2026.128601},
journal = {Applied Energy},
title = {Vertical mounted bifacial PV deployment in cities to reduce supply-demand mismatch with increased revenue},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2026.128601},
volume = {426},
year = {2026}
}
TY - JOUR
AB - Distributed PV effectively decarbonizes the urban energy use, however, as its penetration rises, the traditional “golden hours” of midday peak generation are increasingly turning into “dead zones” of low revenue due to supply–demand mismatch, deepening the net-load valley known as the Duck Curve. To avert such revenue collapse, an emerging solution is shifting the traditional tilt angled distributed PV (TTPV) to the vertical mounted bifacial PV (VBPV), reshaping the peak generation to morning and afternoon instead of midday with better matching to demands. Here, we propose a comprehensive framework to investigate VBPV potential on 26 million rooftops in 276 cities in China by assessing its generation and revenue, then the benefits and cost. We find that while VBPV will inevitably decrease 3–24% generation relative to TTPV, it yields 2–20% higher revenue in 195 cities under the latest feed-in tariff. Despite higher installation costs, VBPV becomes cost-competitive when reduced battery requirements and increased feed-in revenues are considered. Moreover, VBPV could raise the rooftop PV adoption rate by an average of 14%, adding an additional 398 GW of nationwide market potential and substantially alleviating the Duck Curve. Overall, simply re-orienting rooftop PV panels from tilted to vertical offers a cost-effective pathway to enhance renewable penetration and utilization efficiency.
AU - Hu,X
AU - Xiong,W
AU - Tong,D
AU - Wang,P
AU - Wang,M
AU - Hawkes,A
AU - Jing,R
AU - Jiang,C
AU - Yan,J
AU - Zhao,Y
DO - 10.1016/j.apenergy.2026.128601
PY - 2026///
SN - 0306-2619
TI - Vertical mounted bifacial PV deployment in cities to reduce supply-demand mismatch with increased revenue
T2 - Applied Energy
UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2026.128601
VL - 426
ER -